The 1820 Capped Bust Dime – Large Date: The 1820 Capped Bust Dime, particularly the “Large Date” variety, is a fascinating piece of American numismatic history. Minted during a transformative period in the United States, this coin not only reflects the artistry of its time but also serves as a tangible link to the nation’s early economic and cultural development. For collectors and historians alike, the 1820 Capped Bust Dime – Large Date is a prized artifact that embodies the spirit of a young nation finding its footing.
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Table of Contents
Historical Context
The early 19th century was a time of growth and change for the United States. The War of 1812 had recently concluded, and the country was expanding westward, with new states being added to the Union. The U.S. Mint, established in 1792, was still in its infancy, working to produce coinage that would facilitate commerce and solidify the nation’s financial system. The Capped Bust design, created by renowned engraver John Reich, was introduced in 1807 for the dime and other silver coins. It featured a Liberty bust wearing a cap, symbolizing freedom, and an eagle with a shield on the reverse, representing strength and unity.
By 1820, the Mint had refined its processes, but coin production was still a labor-intensive endeavor. Each coin was struck by hand, and variations in dies and planchets were common. This led to the creation of distinct varieties, such as the “Large Date” and “Small Date” versions of the 1820 Capped Bust Dime. The Large Date variety, as the name suggests, features a more prominent date on the obverse, making it easily distinguishable from its Small Date counterpart.
Design and Features
The 1820 Capped Bust Dime – Large Date is a small silver coin, measuring 18.8 mm in diameter and composed of 89.24% silver and 10.76% copper. Its design is a testament to the artistry of the era:
- Obverse: The obverse depicts Liberty facing left, her hair tied with a ribbon and a cap (known as a “Phrygian cap”) atop her head. The word “LIBERTY” arcs above her, while the date “1820” is prominently displayed below. The Large Date variety is characterized by bold, evenly spaced numerals that are larger than those on the Small Date version.
- Reverse: The reverse features an eagle with outstretched wings, clutching an olive branch and arrows in its talons. The eagle is encircled by the inscriptions “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” and “10 C.” The design is simple yet elegant, reflecting the neoclassical aesthetic popular at the time.
Rarity and Collectibility
The 1820 Capped Bust Dime – Large Date is considered a scarce coin, particularly in higher grades. While exact mintage figures are unknown, it is estimated that fewer than 100,000 dimes were struck in 1820, and the Large Date variety represents only a portion of that total. Over time, many of these coins were lost to circulation, melted down, or simply worn out, making surviving specimens increasingly rare.
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For collectors, the 1820 Capped Bust Dime – Large Date is a highly desirable piece. Its historical significance, combined with its scarcity, makes it a standout addition to any collection. Coins in well-preserved condition, especially those with sharp details and minimal wear, can command significant premiums at auction. The Large Date variety is particularly sought after due to its distinctiveness and the challenge of finding it in high grades.
Tips for Collectors
If you’re considering adding an 1820 Capped Bust Dime – Large Date to your collection, here are a few tips to keep in mind:
- Authentication: Due to the coin’s rarity, it is essential to purchase from reputable dealers or auction houses. Look for coins that have been certified by third-party grading services such as PCGS or NGC to ensure authenticity.
- Condition: As with all coins, condition plays a significant role in value. Look for specimens with strong details, particularly in Liberty’s hair and the eagle’s feathers. Avoid coins with excessive wear, cleaning, or damage.
- Variety: Be sure to confirm that the coin is indeed the Large Date variety. The numerals should be bold and evenly spaced, with no signs of repunching or doubling.
- Historical Research: Take the time to learn about the coin’s history and significance. Understanding its place in the broader context of U.S. coinage can enhance your appreciation for this numismatic treasure.
Conclusion
The 1820 Capped Bust Dime – Large Date is more than just a piece of currency; it is a window into the past, offering a glimpse of a young nation striving to establish its identity. Its elegant design, historical significance, and relative scarcity make it a standout piece for collectors and historians alike. Whether you’re a seasoned numismatist or a newcomer to the hobby, the 1820 Capped Bust Dime – Large Date is a coin that deserves a place of honor in any collection.
